The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of a self-compassion training program on the sense of coherence and intolerance of uncertainty among mothers of children with reading disorders. The research method employed was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test–post-test and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all mothers of children with reading disorders who attended counseling and psychological service centers in District 2 of Tehran in 2025. From this population, 30 eligible mothers were purposefully selected based on inclusion criteria and then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 participants in each group). The research instruments included the Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (Cornacchio et al., 2018). The experimental group received the self-compassion training program in eight group sessions, each lasting 90 minutes (two sessions per week), while the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with SPSS version 26. The results indicated that, after controlling for pre-test effects, there were significant differences (p < .01) between the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups across all subscales of sense of coherence and intolerance of uncertainty. In other words, self-compassion training enhanced the sense of coherence and reduced intolerance of uncertainty among mothers of children with reading disorders. Given the effectiveness of the self-compassion training program, its implementation for mothers of children with reading disorders appears to be essential.