Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Associate Professor of Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2
Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3
Ph.D. student in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
4
Master of Science, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
10.22034/ceciranj.2026.532726.1970
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to compare psychological skills, emotion regulation strategies, and loneliness in athlete and non-athlete individuals with physical-motor disabilities in the city of Ahvaz. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with physical-motor disabilities in Ahvaz city. The sample comprised 212 individuals who were selected through convenience sampling. The tools of data collection included the Mental Skills Questionnaire (MSQ) by Nazari and Musazadeh (2017), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) by Gross and John (2003), and Loneliness Scale (UCLA) by Russell, Peplau & Cutrona (1980). The data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to compare the four groups. According to the multivariate analysis results, the effect of the independent variable (group) on the linear combination of the dependent variables was significant (p < 0.001), explaining approximately 80.1% of the total variance of the dependent variables. Furthermore, the results of the univariate analyses indicated that the mean scores for psychological skills and emotion regulation strategies were significantly higher in the athlete group compared to the non-athlete. Whereas, for the variable of loneliness, the mean score of the non-athlete group was significantly higher compared to the athlete group. Therefore, the design and implementation of individualized and group exercise programs, tailored to the physical conditions of individuals with physical-motor disabilities in the city of Ahvaz, can provide the necessary foundation for the development of their physical, psychological, emotional, and relational health.
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